United States Financial Glossary
Learn the definitions of key financial terms, tax acronyms, and mortgage jargon commonly used in United States. Updated for 2026.
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Federal Seed Contribution
SavingsA one-time $1,000 deposit from the U.S. government into a Trump Account for children born between January 1, 2025 and December 31, 2028.
View full definition →Form 843
TaxThe official IRS form used to request a refund of overpaid penalties, interest, or fees, or to request abatement of assessments not yet paid.
View full definition →G
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Qualified Tips (OBBBA)
TaxW-2 tip income eligible for a federal income tax deduction of up to $25,000 under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, effective for tax years 2025 through 2028.
View full definition →Qualified Overtime Compensation
TaxThe overtime premium (the extra half in time-and-a-half pay) that W-2 employees can deduct from federal income tax, capped at $12,500 for single filers under the OBBBA.
View full definition →T
US financial terms you need to know in 2026
The One Big Beautiful Bill Act changed the game for American families in 2025. New tax-advantaged accounts, tip and overtime deductions, and IRS penalty relief programs created terminology that did not exist two years ago. This glossary covers the specific Section 530A, OBBBA, and IRS procedural terms that apply to your 2025-2028 tax filings.
Section 530A Trump Accounts and OBBBA deductions
The OBBBA introduced four new above-the-line deductions (tips, overtime, senior, auto loan interest) and a new children's investment account (Section 530A). Each has specific MAGI phase-outs, filing requirements, and interaction rules with existing retirement vehicles. The $5,000 annual contribution cap, $1,000 federal seed, and the pro-rata basis split on withdrawals are the mechanics that matter most for family planning.
IRS penalty relief: Form 843, abatement, and protective claims
The IRS offers three documented paths to penalty removal: First-Time Abatement (clean 3-year history, no questions asked), Reasonable Cause (documented circumstances beyond your control), and Protective Claims (preserving refund rights during pending litigation like Kwong v. United States). Form 843 is the single form that handles all three paths. Filing electronically through your IRS Online Account became available July 2026.